A&I: Abstracting and
Indexing (A&I) is a category of database that provides abstract and
citations of the literature of a discipline or subject area.
a.k.a.: Also Known As
(a.k.a.) used to introduce pseudonyms, aliases, nicknames, working names,
legalized names, pen names, maiden names, titles, etc.
AA Code: Anglo-American
Code (AA Code) was published in 1908 as the first successful product of Birtish
and American cooperation and was based on various 19th century code. The AA
Code was the result of collaboration between The American Library Association
(ALA) and the Library Association (LA) and it was published in an American
edition (Catalog Rules, Author and Title Entries) and a British edition
(Cataloguing Rules, Author and Title Entries). 2007-J-P-II-Q-31,
2007-D-P-II-Q-35, 2015-D-P-III-Q-42
AACR 1: Anglo-American
Cataloguing Rules 1 (AACR 1) is a detailed set of standardized rules for
cataloguing various types of library materials published in 1967 in two
versions-a North American text and a British text under the initiative of
American Library Association (ALA), Library
Association (LA) and Canadian Library Association (CLA). 2010-D-P-II-Q-39,
2011-D-P-II-Q-35, 2012-D-P-II-Q-41, 2015-D-P-III-Q-42
AACR 2: Anglo-American
Cataloguing Rules 2 (AACR 2) is revised version of AACR based on a
reconciliation of the British and North American texts of the 1967 edition and
published jointly by the American Library Association, the Canadian Library
Association, and the Chartered Institute of Library and Information
Professionals in the year 1978. 2007-J-P-II-Q-31, 2007-D-P-II-Q-35,
2010-D-P-II-Q-39
AALL: American
Association of Law Libraries (AALL) is a nonprofit educational organization
with over 5,000 members nationwide. It was established in 1906 with the
initiative of A. J. Small and its headquarters is in Chicago, United States.
AASL: American
Association of School Librarians (AASL) established in 1951, is a division of
the American Library Association (ALA).
ABAA: Antiquarian
Booksellers' Association of America (ABAA) is an organization in the United
States for dealers in rare and antiquarian books. It was established in 1949
and its headquarters is in New York, United States.
ACRL: The Association
of College and Research Libraries (ACRL) is a professional association of
academic librarians and other interested individuals and a division of the
American Library Association (ALA). ACRL is the largest division of American
Library Association (ALA) with its headquarters in Chicago, IL.
2012-D-P-III-Q-29
Ad hoc: Ad hoc is a
Latin phrase meaning "for this". In English, it generally used to
indicate that something was created or exists for the particular purpose in
view at the moment and usually dissolved once the need has been met.
ADINET: Ahmedabad
Library Network (ADINET) was established in 1994 in Gujarat with an initial grant
for a few years from National Information System for Science and Technology
(NISSAT), Department of Science and Industrial Research, Government of India,
New Delhi. 2013-D-P-III-Q-38
ADONIS: Article
Delivery on Network Information System (ADOLIS) was a trial full text document
delivery service launched in 1980 after Elsevier Science Publishers and the
then British Library Lending Division (BLLD) undertook a major survey to
determine what articles were being requested and in what volume. 2006-J-P-II-Q-14
AECT: Association for
Educational Communications and Technology (AECT) is an academic and
professional association that promotes educational uses of technology. AECT's
headquarters moved from Washington, DC in 1999 for financial reasons to
Bloomington, Indiana.
AGRI-net: Agricultural
Networking (AGRI-net) is an Agri-science Chemical Biology network which aims to
stimulate the development and facilitate the translation of novel tools and
technologies to key end-users in the Agri-sciences which was established in
1982. AGRI-net has been funded via a joint call from the Biotechnology and
Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), the Engineering and Physical
Science Research Council (EPSRC) and the Medical Research Council (MRC).
AGRINET: Agriculture Information
Network (AGRINET) was initiated as a sub-network of Sri Lanka Scientific &
Technical Information Network (SLSTINET) in 1982 with the prime objective of
resource sharing among agricultural libraries in Sri Lanka.
AGRIS: International
System for Agricultural Science and Technology (AGRIS) is a global public
domain database with more than 8 million structured bibliographical records on
agricultural science and technology and is maintained by CIARD and administered
from Rome, Italy. AGRIS was designed in the year 1950 and Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations, Rome is working as the coordinating Centre
of AGRIS. 2008-J-P-II-Q-7, 2005-J-P-II-Q-32, 2007-J-P-II-Q-42,
2007-D-P-II-Q-44, 2012-D-P-II-Q-34, 2013-D-P-III-Q-42
AICTE: All India
Council for Technical Education (AICTE) is the statutory body and a
national-level council for technical education, under Department of Higher
Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development, established in November 1945
first as an advisory body and later on in 1987 given statutory status by an Act
of Parliament. AICTE headquarters is in New Delhi.
AIDA: Attention,
Interest, Desire, Action (AIDA) is a historical model that describes a common
list of events that may occur when a consumer engages with an advertisement.
The term and approach are commonly attributed to American advertising and sales
pioneer, Elias St. Elmo Lewis. 2016-J-P-II-Q-30
AIFF: Audio
Interchange File Format (AIFF) is an audio file format standard used for
storing sound data for personal computers and other electronic audio devices.
The format was developed by Apple Inc. in 1988 based on Electronic Arts'
Interchange File Format (IFF) and is most commonly used on Apple Macintosh
computer systems. The file extension for the standard AIFF format is .aiff or
.aif. 2016-J-P-II-Q-25
AIIP: Association of
Independent Information Professionals (AIIP) is a virtual organization of
entrepreneurs owning professional firms that provide information-related
services, including online and manual information retrieval and research,
document delivery, database design, library support, consulting, writing, and
publishing founded in 1987 with its head office in United Plaza Blvd Baton
Rouge, LA.
ALA Code: American
Library Association (ALA) Code is the Cataloging Rules for Author and Title
Entries which was published in 1949 by the American Library Association and are
based on the American edition of Anglo-American Code (AA Code) published in
1908. So, it can be said as the second edition of American edition (Catalog
Rules, Author and Title Entries) of Anglo-American Code (AA Code).
2007-D-P-II-Q-35, 2010-D-P-II-Q-39, 2011-D-P-II-Q-35, 2015-D-P-III-Q-42
ALA: The American
Library Association (ALA) is the oldest and largest library association in the
world, founded on October 6, 1876 during the Centennial Exposition in
Philadelphia with its headquarters in Chicago, Illinois, United States.
2008-J-P-II-Q-2, 2005-J-P-II-Q-43, 2007-J-P-II-Q-20, 2008-D-P-II-Q-32,
2009-J-P-II-Q-37, 2009-D-P-II-Q-40, 2010-J-P-II-Q-35, 2011-J-P-II-Q-33,
2011-D-P-II-Q-43, 2012-J-P-II-Q-29, 2012-D-P-III-Q-62, 2013-D-P-II-Q-24,
2014-J-P-II-Q-28, 2014-D-P-III-Q-62
ALP: Action for
Development through Libraries Programme (ALP) is a programme of International
Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) to works in
collaboration with libraries, library associations, partner organisations and
library professionals in developing and emerging countries to deliver relevant,
sustainable activities for equitable access to information and better library
communities. The ALP Programme was launched in 1984 at the IFLA Conference in
Nairobi, Kenya.
ANOVA: Analysis of
Variance (ANOVA) is a collection of statistical models used to analyze the
differences among group means and their associated procedures (such as
"variation" among and between groups), developed by statistician and
evolutionary biologist Ronald Fisher and published in 1921. 2015-D-P-II-Q-36
ANSI: The American
National Standards Institute (ANSI) is a private non-profit organization that
oversees the development of voluntary consensus standards for products,
services, processes, systems, and personnel in the United States formed on May
14, 1918 with its headquarters in Washington, D.C., United States.
2012-J-P-III-Q-31
APA: The American
Psychological Association (APA) is the largest scientific and professional
organization of psychologists in the United States formed in July 1892 with its
headquarters in Washington, D.C., United States. 2013-S-P-II-Q-37
API: Application
Programming Interface (API) is a software-to-software interface that enables
communication to occur seamlessly between Web-based application programs, with
no indication to the user that software functions are being transferred from
one application to another. 2013-S-P-III-Q-2
APIN: Asia and
Pacific Information Network (APIN) is the result of the merger of the Regional
Network for the Exchange of Information and Experiences in Science and
Technology in Asia and the Pacific (ASTINFO), the Regional Informatics Network
for Southeast Asia and the Pacific (RINSEAP) and the Regional Informatics
Network for South and Central Asia (RINSCA).
APLA: The Atlantic
Provinces Library Association (APLA) previously known as "Maritime Library
Association" and changed to "Atlantic Provinces Library
Association" (APLA) in 1957 when Newfoundland became a member. The first
Maritime Library Association was founded April 17, 1918 at Acadia University.
2007-J-P-II-Q-34
APUPA: Alien-
Penumbral- Umbral- Penumbral- Alien (APUPA) pattern is a method of classifying
books and documents based on their relevance to the searcher which was
introduced by Dr. S. R. Ranganathan. 2016-J-P-II-Q-38
ARL: Association of
Research Libraries (ARL) is a nonprofit organization of the largest research
and university libraries in the US and Canada. It was established on 29
December, 1932 in Chicago, Illinois and its headquarters is in Washington, D.C.
ARLIS/ANZ: Arts Libraries
Society / Australia and New Zealand (ARLIS/ANZ) was established in December
1975 to promote arts librarianship and co-operate with other national and
international organisations in the sector.
ARMA
International:
Association of Records Managers and Administrators International (ARMA
International) formerly the Association of Records Managers and Administrators
is an international non-profit professional association for records and
information managers and related industry practitioners and vendors established
in the year 1955. The headquarters for ARMA International are in Overland Park,
Kansas.
ARPA: Advanced
Research Projects Agency (ARPA) is an agency of the U.S. Department of Defense
created in February 1958 by President Dwight D. Eisenhower with its
headquarters in Arlington, Virginia, U.S..
ARPA is presently known as Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA) which is responsible for the development of emerging technologies for
use by the military. 2013-S-P-II-Q-36
ARPANET: The Advanced
Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was an early packet switching
network and the first network to implement the protocol suite TCP/IP, initially
funded by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) of the United States
Department of Defense in 1969. ARPANET become the the technical foundation of
the Internet and now known as National Science Foundation Network (NSFNET).
2013-S-P-II-Q-36
ASCII: American
Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is the binary code consists
of seven information bits and one parity bit for error checking built into most
minicomputers and all personal computers to represent in digital format the
uppercase and lowercase letters of the Latin script, numerals, and special
characters until December 2007, when it was surpassed by UTF-8, which is fully
backward compatible to ASCII.
ASIS&T: Association for
Information Science and Technology (ASIS&T) is a non-profit membership
organization for information professionals and was previously known as the
American Society for Information Science and Technology. The association was
founded on 13 March 1937 as the American Documentation Institute (ADI) by
Watson Davis, Atherton Seidell, and others and situated at Silver Spring,
Maryland.
ASK Model: Anomalous State
of Knowledge (ASK) model is put forwarded by Nicholas J. Belkin in
"Anomalous states of knowledge as a basis for information retrieval"
(1980). ASK is based upon an understanding of information needs as an
individual, mental state. Belkin describe ASK as "the recognition of an
anomaly by the recipient in his/her state of knowledge" which can only be
solved by communication, e.g. by contact with an information system.
2013-J-P-III-Q-14
ASLIB: Association for
Information Management (ASLIB) previously Association of Special Libraries and
Information Bureaux (ASLIB) is a nonprofit organization with an interest in the
efficient management of information resources and was established in 1924 in
England. 2004-D-P-II-Q-33, 2008-J-P-II-Q-2, 2008-J-P-II-Q-33, 2005-J-P-II-Q-4,
2005-J-P-II-Q-43, 2008-D-P-II-Q-32, 2009-D-P-II-Q-40, 2010-J-P-II-Q-35,
2011-J-P-II-Q-33, 2011-D-P-II-Q-43, 2012-J-P-II-Q-29, 2013-D-P-II-Q-24,
2014-J-P-II-Q-28
ASTINFO: Regional
Network for the Exchange of Information and Experience in Science and
Technology in Asia and the Pacific (ASTINFO) is a co-operative programme which
aims to promote the exchange of information and experience in science and
technology among countries in the Asia/Pacific region. It was established in
1983 as a result of the Second Conference of the Science Ministers and Economic
Planning Bodies in the Asia/Pacific region (CASTASIA II), held in March 1982 in
Manilla (Philippines). 2007-J-P-II-Q-36, 2013-D-P-III-Q-15
AU: Audio (AU) file
format is a simple audio file format introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1992.
2014-J-P-III-Q-61
AUP: An Acceptable
Use Policy (AUP) is a set of rules applied by the libraries, creator or
administrator of a network, website, or service, that restrict the ways in
which the network, website or system may be used and sets guide lines as to how
it should be used by library patrons or users and restrict unlawful activities.
Badan Barman
at present working as an Assistant Professor in the
Department of Library and Information Science,
Gauhati University, Guwahati-781014,
Assam, India. He is the creator of the LIS Links (http://www.lislinks.com) - India’s most popular social networking
website for Library
and Information Science professionals. He also created the UGC NET Guide (http://www.netugc.com) and LIS Study (http://www.lisstudy.com) website.
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