PAC: Programme on
Preservation and Conservation (PAC) is a strategic programme of International
Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) which was officially
created during the International Federation of Library Associations and
Institutions (IFLA) annual conference in Nairobi in 1984 to focus efforts on
issues of preservation and initiate worldwide cooperation for the preservation
of library materials.
PBL: Problem-Based
Learning (PBL) is a student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a
subject through the experience of solving an open-ended problem. The PBL was
developed at the McMaster University Medical School in Canada in the 1960s and
has since spread around the world.
PC: Personal Computer
(PC) is a general-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and sale price
makes it useful for individuals consisting of a Central Processing Unit (CPU)
and associated peripheral devices and where generally the hardware is
controlled by Intel and the operating system by Microsoft.
PCC: Program for
Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) is one of two cooperative cataloguing ventures of
the Library of Congress. The PCC is an international cooperative effort aimed
at expanding access to library collections by providing useful, timely, and
cost-effective cataloguing that meets mutually-accepted standards of libraries
around the world. PCC programs include the Monographic Bibliographic Record
Cooperative Program (BIBCO), Cooperative Online Serials Program (CONSER), Name
Authority Cooperative Program (NACO), and the Subject Authority Cooperative
Program (SACO).
PCM: Pulse-code
modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent sampled analog
signals. It is the standard form of digital audio in computers, Compact Discs,
digital telephony and other digital audio applications. 2012-D-P-III-Q-13
PDA: Personal Digital
Assistant (PDA) is a mobile device that functions as a personal information
manager first introduced in 1980s. PDAs were largely discontinued in the early
2010s after the widespread adoption of highly capable smartphones.
PDCA:
Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA) or Plan–Do–Check–Adjust (PDCA)) is an iterative
four-step management method used in business for the control and continuous
improvement of processes and products. It is also known as the Deming
circle/cycle/wheel, Shewhart cycle, control circle/cycle, or Plan–Do–Study–Act
(PDSA). PDCA was made popular by William Edwards Deming, who is considered by
many to be the father of modern quality control.
PDF/A: Portable
Document Format / Archive (PDF/A) is an ISO-standardized version of the
Portable Document Format (PDF) specialized for the digital preservation of
electronic documents. It was initially released by ISO in 2005. PDF/A differs
from PDF by prohibiting features ill-suited to long-term archiving, such as
font linking (as opposed to font embedding). 2013-J-P-III-Q-55
PDF: Portable
Document Format (PDF) is a file format used to present documents in a manner
independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems and is
used for capturing and sending electronic documents that consist of exact
duplication of the original paper copy including graphics, tables, fonts,
layout, colors and paginations and requires Adobe Acrobat Reader to view. In
1991, Adobe Systems' co-founder John Warnock outlined a system called
"Camelot" that developed into PDF on June 15, 1993.
2012-J-P-III-Q-65, 2014-J-P-III-Q-61, 2015-J-P-II-Q-21
PERT: Program (or
project) Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), is a statistical tool, used in
project management, which was designed to analyze and represent the tasks
involved in completing a given project. PERT means interconnecting networks
depicting tasks, duration and dependency. PERT was
developed by the United States Navy in the 1958. 2009-J-P-II-Q-12
PG: Project
Gutenberg (PG) is the oldest digital library with full text public domain books
and is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works for the first
time in history, to "encourage the creation and distribution of
eBooks" via Internet. It was founded on 1st December 1971 by University of
Illinois student Michael Stern Hart.
PGI: Program General
d’ Information (PGI) or General Information Programme (PGI) was established in
1976 combining both the National Information System (NATIS) and United Nations
International Scientific Information System (UNISIST) programmes. The primary role
of General Information Programme is to promote computer application and
communication technologies in library and information services, information
network and provision of on line facilities for sharing and exchanging
information between different countries all over the world. 2016-J-P-II-Q-17
PIN: Postal Index
Number (PIN) or Pincode is a six digits long code used for the post offices by
India Post, introduced on 15 August 1972 by Mr. Shriram Bhikaji Velankar.
PIO: Public
Information Officers (PIOs) are the communications coordinators or
spokespersons of certain governmental organizations.
PIS: Patent
Information System (PIS) was established by the Government of India, Ministry
of Commerce and Industry, Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion in the
year 1980 in Nagpur. 2006-J-P-II-Q-29
PLA: Public Library
Association (PLA) is a professional association of public librarians and
supporters dedicated to the "development and effectiveness of public
library staff and public library services." It acts as a division of the
American Library Association (ALA). PLA was formed in 1944 with its headquarters
in Chicago, Illinois, United States. 2014-J-P-III-Q-19
PLANNER: Promotion of
Library Automation and Networking in North Eastern Region (PLANNER) is a
bi-annual convention with a special focus to uplift academic libraries in the
North-Eastern region, India in the aspect of library automation and networking.
The event is organized by Information and Library Network (INFLIBNET) Centre
along with the universities located in the respective North-Eastern States.
PMEST: Personality,
Matter, Energy Space and Time (PMEST) are the five main facets in S. R.
Ranganathan's Colon Classification. S. R. Ranganathan originated the system of
five fundamental categories (Personality, Matter, Energy, Space, Time) in order
of decreasing concreteness to focus on subjects, topics and objects. 2015-D-P-II-Q-35
PNG: Portable
Network Graphics (PNG) is a raster graphics file format that supports lossless
data compression. PNG was created as an improved, non-patented replacement for
Graphics Interchange Format (GIF), and is the most used lossless image
compression format on the Internet. 2012-D-P-II-Q-15
POP: Post Office
Protocol (POP) is an application-layer Internet standard protocol used by local
e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail from a remote server over a Transmission
Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) connection.
POPSI: Postulate based
Permuted Subject Indexing (POPSI) is a pre- coordinate indexing system
developed by Ganesh Bhattacharyya in 1979 at the Documentation Research and
Training Centre (DRTC), Bangalore. 2005-J-P-II-Q-28, 2009-J-P-II-Q-34, 2013-D-P-III-Q-57
POSDCORB: Planning,
Organizing, Staffing, Directing, Co-Ordinating, Reporting and Budgeting
(POSDCORB) reflects the classic view of administrative management. POSDCORB
largely drawn from the work of French industrialist Henri Fayol, it first appeared
in a 1937 staff paper by Luther Gulick and Lyndall Urwick written for the
Brownlow Committee. 2007-J-P-II-Q-2, 2011-J-P-II-Q-8, 2013-S-P-II-Q-30
PPBS: Planning,
Programming and Budgeting System (PPBS) is a long-term, program-oriented
Defense budgeting system developed by Charles J. Hitch at the direction of
Robert Strange McNamara in 1962. PPBS combines the best of both programme
budgeting and performance budgeting. 2013-S-P-II-Q-30
PPL: Peace Palace
Library (PPL) is a collection of studies and references specializing in
international law. It is located in The Hague, Netherlands, and was established
to support the Permanent Court of Justice.
PQDT: ProQuest
Dissertations and Theses (PQDT) is bibliographic database of American (and
international) dissertations published by University Microfilms International
(UMI) / ProQuest, Ann Arbor, since 1938.
PRECIS: Preserved
Context Indexing System (PRECIS) is a computer-assisted string indexing system
developed by Derek Austin and used since 1971 in the British National
Bibliography. 2004-D-P-II-Q-44, 2009-J-P-II-Q-34, 2010-D-P-II-Q-42
PURL: Persistent
Uniform Resource Locator (PURL) is a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that is
used to redirect to the location of the requested web resource. The PURL
concept was developed at Online Computer Library Center, Inc. (OCLC) in 1995
and implemented using a forked pre-1.0 release of Apache HTTP Server.

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